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MechanicsDuctility Calculator
Formula
Ductility (%) = (Final Length - Original Length) / Original Length × 100
The formula calculates the ductility of a material as a percentage of elongation before failure. This is essential in determining how much a material can stretch before it breaks.
Ductility Calculator - Percent Elongation Before Failure
Example 1: Structural Steel
Structural steel used in buildings needs to have high ductility. This property ensures that the steel can undergo significant elongation before failure, which helps absorb energy during events like earthquakes. Percent elongation before failure in structural steel typically ranges from 10% to 25%.
Example 2: Automotive Body Panels
In automotive manufacturing, materials like aluminum and steel with good ductility are used for body panels. This ductility allows the panels to bend without breaking during minor collisions, enhancing vehicle safety. The percent elongation for automotive body materials usually ranges from 15% to 30%.
Example 3: Copper Wiring
Copper is widely used in electrical wiring due to its excellent ductility. This property allows copper wires to be drawn into thin wires without breaking, which is crucial for electrical connections. Copper typically exhibits a percent elongation of about 30% to 40% before failure.
Example 4: Reinforced Concrete
In reinforced concrete structures, steel reinforcement bars (rebars) must have sufficient ductility to prevent sudden failure under heavy loads. The ductility of these rebars ensures they can stretch and deform slightly, distributing stress more evenly. Rebars generally have a percent elongation before failure of around 8% to 15%.
Example 5: Aluminum Foil
Aluminum foil, used in packaging, benefits from its ductility. This property allows it to be stretched into thin sheets without tearing, making it ideal for wrapping and sealing food products. The percent elongation before failure in aluminum foil can be as high as 50%.
